Learn the concept
Monorepos & Project Architecture
A monorepo contains multiple packages/projects in one repository. Use tools like Turborepo, Nx, or pnpm workspaces for dependency management, shared configs, and efficient builds. Benefits include code sharing, atomic changes, and unified tooling.
Monorepo Benefits:
Monorepo Tools:
Structure:
// Root package.json
{
"name": "my-monorepo",
"private": true,
"workspaces": ["apps/*", "packages/*"],
"scripts": {
"build": "turbo run build",
"dev": "turbo run dev",
"lint": "turbo run lint",
"test": "turbo run test"
},
"devDependencies": {
"turbo": "^1.10.0"
}
}
// turbo.json
{
"$schema": "https://turbo.build/schema.json",
"pipeline": {
"build": {
"dependsOn": ["^build"],
"outputs": ["dist/**", ".next/**"]
},
"dev": {
"cache": false,
"persistent": true
},
"lint": {},
"test": {
"dependsOn": ["build"]
}
}
}
// Folder structure
// my-monorepo/
// ├── apps/
// │ ├── web/ # Next.js app
// │ └── mobile/ # React Native app
// ├── packages/
// │ ├── ui/ # Shared components
// │ ├── config/ # Shared configs
// │ └── utils/ # Shared utilities
// ├── package.json
// └── turbo.jsonSetting up a monorepo with Turborepo or Nx to enable code sharing between projects, enforce consistent tooling, and optimize builds across the entire codebase through intelligent caching and parallel execution.
Using pnpm workspaces to manage inter-dependencies between packages, symlink them during development, and facilitate atomic changes across all related parts, simplifying development and release processes.
Adopting a monorepo structure to logically separate the new services into distinct packages while keeping them within a single repository, allowing for easier cross-service communication during development and atomic commits.
Create a monorepo using pnpm workspaces or Turborepo. Include a 'shared-ui' package with a simple React component and two 'app' packages (e.g., 'web', 'admin') that consume this shared component.
Set up a monorepo and create a 'shared-config' package that exports an ESLint configuration. Apply this shared config to all other packages in the monorepo to enforce consistent linting rules.
Google famously operates one of the largest monorepos in the world, housing code for many of its major products. This allows for massive code sharing, atomic changes across vast codebases, and unified tooling, although it requires sophisticated internal tooling.
The Babel transpiler project uses a monorepo (managed with Lerna and now Turborepo) to host its numerous packages (parser, core, presets, plugins). This structure facilitates coordinated development and releases of interdependent packages.