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nextjs

Next.js app router, SSR, and full-stack patterns

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What is Next.js and how does it differ from React?

Next.js is a full-stack React framework that adds server-side rendering, file-based routing, and API routes on top of React, which is just a UI library for building components.

How does file-based routing work in Next.js?

Next.js uses a file-system based router where files and folders in the `app/` (or `pages/`) directory automatically become routes - `app/about/page.tsx` becomes `/about`.

How do you navigate between pages in Next.js?

Next.js provides the `Link` component for declarative client-side navigation and the `useRouter` hook for programmatic navigation, both enabling fast page transitions without full page reloads.

What is next/image and why should you use it over the regular img tag?

The `next/image` component automatically optimizes images with lazy loading, responsive sizing, modern formats (WebP/AVIF), and prevents Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS), improving both performance and Core Web Vitals.

What's the difference between SSR and SSG in Next.js?

SSG (Static Site Generation) generates HTML at build time for fast, cacheable pages; SSR (Server-Side Rendering) generates HTML on each request for dynamic, real-time content.