performance

Bundling combines multiple JavaScript modules into optimized files for production, while code splitting breaks them apart strategically so users only download what they need for the current page.

Debouncing delays execution until a pause in activity while throttling limits execution to fixed intervals, and choosing the right technique for each use case is a frequent interview question and essential for responsive UIs.

React performance optimization involves preventing unnecessary re-renders with memoization, virtualizing long lists, splitting context providers, and profiling with React DevTools to identify actual bottlenecks before optimizing.